Scientists at the CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) have achieved a significant milestone by conducting a successful test of an unmanned aerial vehicle known as High Altitude Pseudo-Satellite (HAPS) in Challakere, Karnataka. Unlike traditional drones, HAPS are designed to operate in the stratosphere, well above commercial aircraft altitudes, powered by solar cells and battery systems, enabling them to hover for extended periods, making them versatile for various applications including surveillance and 5G wave transmission.
The recent test involved a scaled-down prototype of the HAPS, measuring 5 meters in length with an 11-meter wingspan and weighing 23 kilograms. Despite its compact size, the prototype successfully reached an altitude of about 3 kilometers and maintained flight for approximately eight hours, meeting or exceeding performance expectations. However, scientists aim to develop a full-bodied craft with a wingspan of 30 meters by 2027, capable of reaching heights of 23 kilometers and remaining airborne for at least 90 days.
Developing HAPS requires sophisticated engineering due to their unmanned nature and the need to sustain continuous flight using solar-powered batteries. The challenge lies in ascending through atmospheric turbulence to the stratosphere, compounded by the lightweight construction of the aircraft. Thin solar films power the plane, offering a unique engineering challenge, with only a handful of companies worldwide capable of manufacturing such technology.
Dr. Abhay Pashilkar, Director of CSIR-NAL, emphasizes the importance of India developing its capabilities in this field, given the diverse potential applications of HAPS. The successful test provides valuable insights for designing larger systems, ensuring stability and balance in extreme atmospheric conditions.
CSIR-NAL aims to develop various components of the HAPS, including propellers, battery management systems, carbon-composite airframes, flight-control systems, and high-powered electric motors capable of withstanding extreme temperatures.
In a related development, Bengaluru-based company NewSpace Research and Technologies Pvt. Ltd. (NRT) recently conducted a test-flight of a solar-powered, long-endurance drone funded by the Defence Ministry. While details regarding altitude and payload remain undisclosed, the test signifies advancements in solar-powered drone technology.
